Local 3D printing · student business proposalMetro Vancouver · Startup concept
LayerWorks
A beginner’s guide

How 3D printing works

You do not need to own a printer or know the technical terms to use our service. Here is what happens between your idea and the finished object.

What is 3D printing?

3D printing makes a physical object from a digital model. Our planned printers heat a thin strand of plastic and place it in layers, building the object from the bottom up.

You can send us a 3D file, or bring a picture and measurements so we can design a model first. We would handle the setup, printing and finishing.

Learn about the process, materials and file types →
  1. 1. ModelA digital shape with real dimensions.
  2. 2. PrepareSoftware plans each layer and estimates time.
  3. 3. PrintThe machine lays down heated plastic.
  4. 4. FinishRemove supports and check the finished part.

The main types of 3D printing

Filament printing (FDM)

A heated nozzle squeezes out plastic filament onto a flat print bed. Each layer sticks to the previous one. This is the process we plan to use at launch.

Useful for trophies, larger figures, brackets, prototypes and simple enclosures. Layer lines are usually visible.

Resin printing (SLA / MSLA)

Light hardens liquid resin into layers. It can produce fine details such as small miniature faces, but parts need washing and further curing.

We would refer very detailed miniature work to a specialist at first, rather than buy resin equipment immediately.

Powder printing (SLS)

A laser fuses layers of polymer powder. Surrounding powder supports the object during printing, which helps with complex shapes.

This is a possible outsourced option for more demanding parts. It is outside our launch equipment budget.

Process reference: Prusa’s guide to printer types ↗.

Which plastic would we use?

Different plastics suit different jobs. A display trophy and a working equipment bracket do not necessarily need the same material.

MaterialPlain explanationExample usesOur plan
PLAA stiff, easy-to-print plastic with a good surface finish. It can soften in heat.Indoor figures, trophies, signs and display models.Main launch material.
PETGA tougher plastic with better heat resistance than standard PLA. It still has limits.Enclosures, cable guides and suitable noncritical mounts.Main launch material; test for the intended use.
TPUA flexible, rubber-like plastic.Feet, bumpers and protective sleeves.Later, after print testing.
ASA / ABSPlastics used when greater heat resistance is needed; ASA also suits outdoor exposure.Selected outdoor housings and equipment parts.Later or outsourced; needs appropriate equipment and ventilation.

Material reference: Prusa filament guide ↗. Properties vary by brand, print settings and part design. We would review the intended use before choosing a material.

What can you send us?

A ready-made 3D file: STL describes the outside shape as triangles. 3MF can carry more model and project information. STEP is useful when we need to edit a mechanical CAD design.

A picture or sketch: useful as a reference, but it does not contain the hidden surfaces or exact dimensions. Elijah would model the object, ask for measurements, and get approval before printing.

An existing part: measurements and photos can help us design a replacement. We would check whether the part is suitable and whether we have permission to reproduce it.

Example: a camera accessory bracket

  1. You show us where the accessory needs to attach and give us measurements.
  2. Elijah draws a model with the mounting holes and clearances.
  3. Jeremy prepares the print and makes one sample.
  4. We check the fit and intended load before discussing a batch.

A bracket supporting expensive equipment needs testing. We would not assume any printed shape is strong enough just because it fits.

A few terms you will see

Filament
The plastic strand supplied on a spool. Our proposed printers use 1.75 mm filament.
CAD / 3D modelling
Creating the digital design. CAD is useful for measured mechanical parts; sculpting software is useful for organic shapes such as figures.
Slicer
Software that turns a model into the layer-by-layer instructions the printer follows.
Nozzle and print bed
The nozzle places the plastic; the print bed is the surface the object is built on.
Layer height
The thickness of each printed layer. Thinner layers can improve appearance but usually take longer.
Infill
The internal pattern inside a print. Parts do not always need to be solid; wall thickness, orientation and material also affect strength.
Supports
Temporary structures that hold up overhanging sections while printing. They are removed afterwards and may leave marks.
Prototype / first sample
A trial part used to check design and fit before producing more.
Jig / fixture
A workshop aid that guides a tool or holds a part in the correct position.
Print farm
Several printers running separate jobs in one workspace. Our plan starts with four, not the many printers in the reference photo.

Further reading: Prusa’s free beginner’s book ↗ and P1S manufacturer guide ↗.

What affects price and time?

Size, material, print time, supports, design work and finishing all matter. A small solid part can take longer than a larger hollow one. Printing also takes time: a batch might occupy several machines for many hours.

3D printing is useful for custom jobs and small runs. It is not automatically the cheapest way to make thousands of identical pieces.

See our equipment and workspace plan →